Why it matters
A chip card does more than store data: it computes a fresh cryptogram for every transaction. That cryptogram is what makes counterfeit cards and replays fail. Most of what EMV adds is invisible above the terminal kernel, but a payment developer or tester still needs to know:
- what the chip proves;
- what travels in field 55;
- how the issuer checks the cryptogram;
- what happens when it fails.
This module is the developer's primer. The EMV Certification group goes deeper, through Levels 1 to 3, with a simulator and test cases.